Plastic: Is It The New Black Gold?

According to the report from the Ministry ofin the course of the year 2007, once the EIA
environment, Mauritius produces some 120 tonsobtained.
of plastic wastes daily amounting to a total ofBeginnings
43,800 tons of waste every year of which onlyThe concepts of plastic conversion into
4%, representing some 164 tons, are recycled. Inhydrocarbons was elaborated by Professor Alka
2006, the population's consumption ofZadgaonkar of the Raisoni College of Engineering,
non-biodegradable plastic products amounted toNagpur in Indian, in the year 1995. While giving a
some 70 million Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)lecture on Applied Chemistry, she came up with
bottles, 7 million PVC bottles, and 113 million plasticthe idea of turning plastic back into hydrocarbons.
bags.She worked with a team on the formula and in
Now just imagine a process able to clear our2004; they succeeded in turning 300mg of plastic
environment of plastic wastes, creating jobs ininto hydrocarbon liquids.
waste management and collection and at theUnique Waste Plastic Management & Research Co.
same time bringing useful resources such asPvt. Ltd of India later launched a pilot project
petrol and gas, which can be beneficial to ourwhere some 5,000 tons of plastic wastes were
economy. The Liquid Hydrocarbons pilot projectconverted everyday. The process was later
proposed by the Green Hydrocarbons (Mtius) Ltdextended to treat 25,000 tons daily in 2006 and
has the ambitious desire of turning our plasticthe objective of the project is to treat some
wastes into hydrocarbon petrol.450,000 tons. She asked for analysis by Indian Oil
The environment friendly project, realized withand made a number of recommendations for the
the collaboration of the initiators of the project inuse of the final products.
India, Unique Waste Plastic Management &After about one year of operation, the project
Research CO. Pvt. Ltd., will enable Mauritius to getwas realized with the help of loans.
rid of its plastic wastes while at the same timeRepresentatives of the State Bank of India
providing resources such as petrol. The initiator ofacknowledged that the project is already running
the project will bring all the technology andon profit, thus proving the efficiency of the
equipment necessary for the setting of the pilotmethod. The world produces no less than 60%
plant while the government, in collaboration withmore plastic wastes than it did some ten years
Green Hydrocarbons Ltd., will provide theback with a production of 100 million tons every
necessary location and licenses.year. India produces 10,000 tons of plastic wastes
The ratio of the conversion of the plastic wasteeveryday which 40% are recycled.
into petrol is one kilogram of plastic into theThis project has enabled India to better manage
volume of 1000 cc of petrol. The pilot project willthe country's plastic wastes while at the same
hence be converting some 2.5 tons of plastictime creating jobs. Actually India sells its
wastes daily into some 25,000 liters of petrol andhydrocarbon at 40% to 50% less than normal
other by-products. This project is a greendiesel. The technology is presently being exported
alternative to the palliative solutions that haveto other regions such as Rajasthan and even to
been found so far to deal with plastic wastes.America; for instance, some hospitals are being
Land filling, incineration, recycling, gasification andoperated using their own wastes.
blast furnace have shown their limits in theThe investments for the pilot project in Mauritius
treatment of plastic wastes.are estimated to around 100 to 300 millions
Recycling is unfortunately not a practical solution inRupees. Land filling, incineration and recycling 4%
that the cost of collection is quite high; there is aare presently being used but they do not resolve
limited market for it, with an absence ofthe problem of environmental damage caused by
marketing. Moreover, plastic can only be recycledplastic. The Waste to Compost project, will
three to four times, after that it loses its strengthhowever give a new dimension to the processing
and can't be recycled. The project realized withof plastic in that hydrocarbon and the other
the collaboration of Indian partners is due to startby-products used as compost.