The History of Malay Language

The history of Malay language is divided intofourcenters.
periods : Old Malay, Early Modern Malay, LateThis was also a time of flourishing
Modern Malay and Contemporary Malay.Theclassicalliterature. Adapting Arabic into Jawi script
above divisions excludes inconclusive "scholarly"enabled the Malays to record their experiences,
debates pertaining to pre-historic Malay in whichreligious laws and oral literature into a collection of
diverse origins of Austronesian speakers,fromMalay classical literature. An example is the Malay
which Malay is derived, are proposed.Annals preserved by British Historian Sir Richard O.
Old Malay ( 682 -1500 C.E.) begins with records ofWinstedt.
poems and thoughts on writing materials madeLate Modern Malay ( c1850 - 1957 ) By this time
from plants described as the sharp cursiveMalay has absorbed numerous loan words from
Rencong, an ancient script believed to be nativethe colonists namely: Portuguese, Dutch and
to South-east Asia. Unfortunately no evidenceEnglish. Standardized dictionaries and grammars
from that early period survived. When the Indiansappeared together with a study of regional Malay
set their feet on the Malay Archipelago, theydialects and codification of literature. A prominent
brought along Vatteluttu or Pallava, an ancientfigurein this field was Zainal Abidin bin Ahmad,
Tamilscript from South India. Pallava was acceptedbetter known as Za'ba, exerted great influence on
as the Malay writing system and gradually evolvedpre- independent Malay by codifying Malay
into an ancient royal Javanese script called Kawi.grammar and modifying the Jawi spelling system.
Even though Islam most probably introducedMalay was elevated to the status of the National
Arabic script to the Malay world as early as thelanguage of Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore
seventh century, Old Malay was very much underwhen all of these nations gained independence, a
Indian influence with its extensive use of Sanskritprocess hastened by the Japanese Occupation.
vocabulary. The Malays tried to use Pallava andContemporary Malay ( after 1957 ) Malaysia,
Kawi to express their new Islamic faith butIndonesia and Brunei set up their
foundboth to be unsuitable to pronounce therespectivenational language planning agencies, in an
verses of the Quran and Hadis. They thuseffort to unify their different versions of Malay.
experimented and created Jawi script based onThere were trials and errors and for a while,
Arabic. The Jawi script has been in used for moreobstacle due to Indonesia's confrontation against
than 600 years by now and is synonymous withthe formation of Malaysia. As relationship between
the Malay language itself.Indonesia and Malaysia normalized by 1966,
Early Modern Malay ( 1500-c1850 ) This was atheirlinguistic collaboration continued, resulting in a
time of turmoil and radical change. The Malaccacommon spelling system in 1972. Thanks to this
Sultanate as a patron of the Malay languageproject, instead of several spelling systems, today
played an important role in using the language tothere is only one spelling system for Malay in
spread Islam thus changing Malay's pro-IndiaMalaysia.
nature to pro-Arabic. Portuguese conquest ofAbove is a brief recap of the history of Malay
Malacca in 1511 and subsequent persecution oflanguage covering a period of 1,500 years, ina
Moslems causedthem to disperse throughout themore digestible form.
Malay Archipelago, establishing new regional