Discover the amazing world of Indonesia


The History of Malay Language

The history of Malay language is divided
intofour periods : Old Malay, Early ModernThis was also a time of flourishing
Malay, Late Modern Malay and Contemporaryclassicalliterature. Adapting Arabic into
Malay.The above divisions excludesJawi script enabled the Malays to record
inconclusive "scholarly" debates pertainingtheir experiences, religious laws and oral
to pre-historic Malay in which diverseliterature into a collection of Malay
origins of Austronesian speakers,from whichclassical literature. An example is the Malay
Malay  is  derived,  are  proposed.Annals preserved by British Historian Sir
Richard  O.  Winstedt.
Old Malay ( 682 -1500 C.E.) begins with
records of poems and thoughts on writingLate Modern Malay ( c1850 - 1957 ) By this
materials made from plants described as thetime Malay has absorbed numerous loan words
sharp cursive Rencong, an ancient scriptfrom the colonists namely: Portuguese, Dutch
believed to be native to South-east Asia.and English. Standardized dictionaries and
Unfortunately no evidence from that earlygrammars appeared together with a study of
period survived. When the Indians set theirregional Malay dialects and codification of
feet on the Malay Archipelago, they broughtliterature. A prominent figurein this field
along Vatteluttu or Pallava, an ancientwas Zainal Abidin bin Ahmad, better known as
Tamilscript from South India. Pallava wasZa'ba, exerted great influence on pre-
accepted as the Malay writing system andindependent Malay by codifying Malay grammar
gradually evolved into an ancient royaland  modifying  the  Jawi  spelling  system.
Javanese  script  called  Kawi.
Malay was elevated to the status of the
Even though Islam most probably introducedNational language of Indonesia, Malaysia and
Arabic script to the Malay world as early asSingapore when all of these nations gained
the seventh century, Old Malay was very muchindependence, a process hastened by the
under Indian influence with its extensive useJapanese  Occupation.
of Sanskrit vocabulary. The Malays tried to
use Pallava and Kawi to express their newContemporary Malay ( after 1957 ) Malaysia,
Islamic faith but foundboth to be unsuitableIndonesia and Brunei set up their
to pronounce the verses of the Quran andrespectivenational language planning
Hadis. They thus experimented and createdagencies, in an effort to unify their
Jawi script based on Arabic. The Jawi scriptdifferent versions of Malay. There were
has been in used for more than 600 years bytrials and errors and for a while, obstacle
now and is synonymous with the Malay languagedue to Indonesia's confrontation against the
itself.formation of Malaysia. As relationship
between Indonesia and Malaysia normalized by
Early Modern Malay ( 1500-c1850 ) This was a1966, theirlinguistic collaboration
time of turmoil and radical change. Thecontinued, resulting in a common spelling
Malacca Sultanate as a patron of the Malaysystem in 1972. Thanks to this project,
language played an important role in usinginstead of several spelling systems, today
the language to spread Islam thus changingthere is only one spelling system for Malay
Malay's pro-India nature to pro-Arabic.in  Malaysia.
Portuguese conquest of Malacca in 1511 and
subsequent persecution of Moslems causedthemAbove is a brief recap of the history of
to disperse throughout the Malay Archipelago,Malay language covering a period of 1,500
establishing  new  regional  centers.years, ina more digestible form.



1 A B C D E F 84 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130