Economy of Indonesia

Indonesia has a market-based economy where a1997-1998 forced Indonesia to import great
significant role is played by the government.amounts of rice. It reduced domestic demand and
There are a lot of state-owned enterprises. Thecaused the absence of new investment. Formal
government administers prices on several basicsector employment lowed significantly. Economic
goods: fuel, rice, electricity. After financial anddata provide evidence that the economic
economic crisis that began in mid-1997, theturnaround of 1999 has continued. Real GDP
government took care of a great portion ofgrowth reached 4.13% in August 2000. Results of
private sector propriety. It acquiredGDP growth are record exports, manufacturing
non-performing bank loans and corporate assets.growth, and increase household consumption.
Indonesia's economy grew from a per capita GDPBesides there has been a significant increase in
of $70 to $1,000 by 1996. Inflation was held incorporate debt restructuring. But Indonesia's
the 5%-10% range with the help of effectivebanking and corporate sectors are still extremely
monetary and fiscal policies. The governmentweak. Banking sector reform has stalled. Progress
managed to avoid domestic financing of budgeton corruption cases is slow. Since the late 1980s,
deficits, it was financed by foreign aid. (Lindblad J.there have been significant changes that
1996)In the mid-1980s,the government beganencouraged its economic growth. This growth was
eliminating obstacles to economic activity. Itsfinanced from private investment, both foreign
policy was aimed at the external and financialand domestic.But new foreign investment
sectors. The government tried to stimulateapprovals fell by two-thirds between 1997-1999.
employment and growth in different exportThe crisis pointed out areas where additional
sectors. Annual real GDP growth averaged nearlyreform was needed. They were legal and judicial
7% from 1987-1997. As a result most analystssystem, competitive processes, and adoption of
recognized Indonesia as a newly industrializinginternationally acceptable accounting.After
economy and emerging major market. Butimprovements in the laws recently, Indonesia's
nevertheless there were some structuralintellectual property rights regime remains weak;
weaknesses in Indonesia's economy duringlack of effective enforcement and the area of
1987-1997, the legal system was very weak, andprivate infrastructure projects are of a great
there was no effective way to enforceconcern Indonesia. It has a large labor force,
contracts, collect debts. Non-tariff barriers,abundant natural resources and modern
domestic subsidies, barriers to domestic trade,infrastructure, but nevertheless private
and export restrictions all created economicinvestment in projects ceased during the crisis.
distortions. (Howard D.,Vincent J.H., Lindblad J.Conclusion.So, what is happening in East Asia
2002)The regional financial problems influencednow? Strictly speaking, the same, that happened
Indonesia in late 1997 and cause economic andbefore it: the countries of Confucian culture play
political crisis. But in October 1997, Indonesia andformation of new global center of economic and
the IMF reached agreement. It concerned anpolitical power, and still the leading role. Certainly,
economic reform program aimed atthe region cannot equally compete with 3 main
macroeconomic stabilization and elimination ofcenters of world economy and policy - the USA,
some of the most damaging economic policies.TheЕС, Japan. Most of the countries of
effects of financial and economic crisis werethe region still are poor, frequently inwardly
considerable. In 1998, real GDP was 13.7%, but inunstable, and their development is based on the
mid-1999 real GDP growth for the year was onlyuse of the adopted technologies.
0.3%. Inflation reached 77% in 1998. Events of