| The human evolution timeline is found | | | | speaks. The second has to do with the |
| recorded in Bible quotes (Book of Genesis). | | | | Biblical writers: they would be human beings |
| Adam's rib symbolizes the chromosome and is | | | | possessing a deep knowledge of evolution |
| the key to the man ape evolution. In | | | | timeline and humans nature. They knew that it |
| discussing evolution vs creation, many | | | | would not be possible to write what men would |
| convergences like this one are found.Someone | | | | not understand at that time (existence of |
| who holds to the theory of evolution and | | | | chromosomes, genes, DNA). They further knew |
| denies creationism might ask why such an | | | | that, in a patriarchal society such as the |
| important matter as the creation of human | | | | one they lived in, women should remain in a |
| beings would be in a symbolic message rather | | | | secondary role, in the written version, to |
| than in explicit language. And, after all, | | | | make the acceptance of God's word easier.The |
| the Holy Scriptures don`t talk about | | | | faithful cling to the first answer, the |
| chromosomes. That is a valid question, which | | | | dogma.But those who are not faithful may |
| shall be pursued below. First off, the main | | | | properly ask how those writers, barely out of |
| interest is to see the points of confluence | | | | a semi-nomadic life, could possess such |
| between evolution and creation regarding the | | | | knowledge about the evolution of the |
| appearance of the human being.Parallelism | | | | species.Examined as a book and without any |
| Between Adam's Rib and ScienceThere is an | | | | preconceived position, the Bible is a |
| amazing coincidence between the numbers in | | | | singular book and its writers differed from |
| the Book of Genesis involving creationism and | | | | common mortals. However, as intelligent as |
| numbers in science regarding man's evolution | | | | they might have been, there was no way they |
| from the ape. The parallelism begins on the | | | | could have held such knowledge. Thus the |
| Bible quotes according to which God took out | | | | answer is: this is a mystery.Book of Genesis |
| one of Adam's ribs and made the woman, Eve, | | | | & Science: More convergenceIn the pleasant |
| with it.And the Lord God caused a deep sleep | | | | study of Biblical numbers involving creation |
| to fall on Adam, and he slept; and He took | | | | vs. evolution, there are other convergent |
| one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh in | | | | points. Example: part of the sacred text |
| its place. Then the rib which the Lord God | | | | reproduced at the beginning of this article |
| had taken from man He made into a woman, and | | | | and science's version of the differences in |
| He brought her to the man.The number of ribs | | | | man/ape. The Genesis expression "closed up |
| - Men have 24 ribs - 12 on each thoracic | | | | the flesh in its place" conveys a special |
| side. The same number is found in women. The | | | | meaning and suggests more parallelisms |
| text says that God removed one rib and not | | | | between religion and science. It could be |
| one pair of ribs. Had He indeed removed only | | | | read as "closed up the frontal lobe in its |
| one rib, man would have different numbers of | | | | place".In the monkeys the frontal lobe is 9% |
| this bone on each side of his chest. Not only | | | | of the brain. In the man it is 30%. The |
| that, but there would also remain a doubt | | | | frontal lobe is a tissue ("flesh"), a nervous |
| about the number of ribs in a female.These | | | | tissue. The frontal lobe integrates most of |
| contradictions disappear if the text is | | | | the brain functions. Its prefrontal portion |
| examined from the standpoint of information | | | | is related to the initiation of planned |
| conveyed by Jesus Christ to His disciples: To | | | | actions, i.e., thinking, idealizing, acting |
| God nothing is impossible. God may have | | | | in orderly fashion, and letting out emotional |
| removed one of Adam's ribs but He did it in | | | | expressions. In the difference is the "closed |
| such a way that the woman and all her | | | | up the flesh in its place."Subsequent |
| descendants would have the same number of | | | | ProcreationThe appearance of the human being |
| ribs. However, it is assumed that the rib's | | | | raises the issue of procreation. In the |
| removal is symbolic language and explained it | | | | history of creation, this problem does not |
| cannot be regarded as direct language.A look | | | | exist: once created, Adam and Eve started to |
| at it now from the standpoint of science. The | | | | reproduce. However, in evolution, ONE |
| chimpanzee, from which science now admits | | | | individual, from the fusion of the two |
| that man has evolved, has 24 chromosomes in | | | | chromosomes, would not give origin to the |
| its sexual cells, i. e., 24 chromosomes in | | | | human species.To illustrate,suppose that the |
| each spermatozoon and 24 chromosomes in each | | | | fusion of the two chromosomes took place in a |
| ovulum. This is referred to gametes, those | | | | female, resulting in 23 chromosomes in the |
| sex cells capable of reproducing the species. | | | | gametes, living with males bearing 24 |
| Therefore, the number of ribs in a man and of | | | | chromosomes in the gametes. Procreation would |
| chromosomes in a chimpanzee are identical. | | | | be impossible. Even if they copulated, no |
| The other cells in a chimp, as in a human, | | | | ovulum would be formed due to the lack of |
| are diployd, that is, they have the | | | | symmetry in the DNA. How, then, would the |
| chromosomes in pairs - therefore, they have | | | | human being have procreated in evolution?More |
| 48 chromosomes.Confluence of Book of Genesis | | | | likely the phenomenon - physical, chemical or |
| and Human Evolution TimelineWere we to admit | | | | physical-chemical - had by then reached |
| that the rib symbolizes the chromosome, the | | | | several individual chimps, causing chromosome |
| implicit and explicit Bible numbers say that | | | | fusion in many of them, both males and |
| God removed a chromosome from a chimpanzee | | | | females. In the history of evolution, there |
| and made a woman out of it. In other words, | | | | is still another peculiarity: the bonobos |
| the "man", a chimp, lost a sex-cell | | | | have more elements than the chimpanzees to be |
| chromosome and thus a woman was | | | | man's ancestors.Chimpanzees vs |
| formed.Indeed, the woman, just like the man, | | | | BonobosPreference for the chimpanzees over |
| has one chromosome less than a chimp in the | | | | the bonobos - In the evolutionary scale, |
| sex cells. The human spermatozoon has 23 | | | | science shows preference for the chimpanzees |
| chromosomes and the human ovulum also has 23 | | | | over the bonobos, even though the latter are |
| chromosomes. It makes sense. The other cells | | | | more similar to human beings.See some |
| in the human being are diployd, i. e., they | | | | ones:the similarity percentage between |
| have 46 chromosomes. But it is needed to see | | | | bonobos' DNA and humans' is greater than that |
| what science says regarding the man ape | | | | of chimpanzees;their genitals are more |
| evolution, that is, man's evolution from the | | | | protuding and face forward, as with |
| chimpanzee.Man's evolution from the ape - It | | | | humans;except for humans, they are the only |
| is admitted that, in the evolution of the | | | | primates who copulate from the front;they |
| species, through some unknown phenomenon, two | | | | engage in homosexual and heterosexual |
| chimp chromosomes were fused and thus, | | | | relations;upon reaching adolescence, the |
| primitive man, a hominid, came about. Some | | | | females abandon their group and join another |
| theories claim that the female came first, | | | | one. In their new group they submit |
| which, if true, would give further | | | | themselves to the female - including sexually |
| consistency to the symbolic version of Adam | | | | - and then copulate with the males;the |
| and Eve's story.In a nutshell, this is what | | | | females keep together in groups and the male |
| the matter has: | | | | respects them because, together, they will |
| | | | fight him for food;they stand on two legs |
| Number of ribs in the human being: 24. | | | | more frequently than chimps do and their |
| | | | laughter is more expressive. They are also |
| Number of chromosomes in the chimp's | | | | more cordial in the group.Despite all this, |
| gametes: 24. | | | | it is believed that man has evolved from |
| | | | chimps, due to the fact that they are found |
| Creation: removal of one rib. | | | | in many African regions, in wide-open areas, |
| | | | which would have favored their territorial |
| Evolution: fusion of two chromosomes. | | | | dispersion. Bonobos, on the other hand, live |
| | | | in closed-in woods, in some regions in |
| Rib symbolizes chromosome. | | | | Africa. However, from the genetic, anatomic, |
| | | | emotional and behavioral standpoints, more |
| Removal of one rib = fusion of two | | | | likely the human species has come from the |
| chromosomes. | | | | bonobos. Perhaps, after their community was |
| | | | hard-hit by a cataclysm, they took refuge in |
| Number of chromosomes resulting in the | | | | closed-in woods.Man's Ancestor: Neither |
| gametes: 23 - New species: man, hominid. | | | | Chimpanzee nor Bonobos and Adam`s RibAnother |
| Without wandering too far from these basic | | | | theory admits that chimpanzees, bonobos, |
| issues, it should be asked why there are so | | | | gorillas, orangutangs, gibbons, all belong to |
| many differences between human and chimp, | | | | the primate family known as Pongid, just like |
| given the "simple" fusion of two chromosomes. | | | | the Hominid family, whose sole representative |
| Furthermore, those in favor of creationism | | | | is man, all belonging to the Hominoids super |
| would argue that, since the similarity | | | | family, and would have come from individuals |
| between a chimp's DNA and that of a human | | | | known as Old World Monkeys.It is possible |
| being is above 98%, humans and chimpanzees | | | | that some violent environmental change hit |
| ought to be more alike. These are pertinent | | | | Africa and Asia, altering the genetic |
| questions which must be carefully | | | | structure of many Old World Monkeys |
| examined.Starting with the numbers: the | | | | (Cercopitecoids) sometime between six million |
| difference between human and chimp DNA is | | | | and twenty-five million years ago. Different |
| less than 2%. For three reasons, this | | | | Pongids came into being.Why would not |
| percentage can be very meaningful:the science | | | | different hominids have appeared? Present day |
| is just barely beginning to understand the | | | | human must have featured differences among |
| human genome, that is, the DNA map, that of | | | | individuals from the very beginning. For |
| genes and each one's role. On the other hand, | | | | instance, there must have appeared at the |
| we know also little about the chimp genome. | | | | same time individuals with white skin and |
| Thus, it is perfectly acceptable that this | | | | with black skin in Africa and in Asia. |
| percentage, though small, means much in terms | | | | Weather conditions and the fight for survival |
| of anatomical and physiological differences | | | | would have made easier for white-skinned |
| between the species;the differences may be | | | | individuals to disappear from Africa and for |
| situated in fundamental parts of the DNA, | | | | black-skinned individuals to disappear from |
| enough to cause the differences between the | | | | ice-cold regions.The theory of a common trunk |
| species;the amount of DNA in the cells is not | | | | for all Hominoids does not change the |
| always proportional to their complexity. | | | | parallel with Adam's rib. The whole Hominoid |
| Therefore, the arrangement of DNA components | | | | super family would have come from individuals |
| in humans may be more important than the | | | | with 24 chromosomes in the gametes. One |
| quantity.Thus, the slightly less than 2% | | | | family (Pongid) continued with 24 chromosomes |
| difference between chimps and humans may | | | | in the gametes while another (Hominid) |
| become more meaningful. The "simple" fusion | | | | appeared with 23 chromosomes.Ruy Miranda is a |
| of one species' two chromosomes may cause | | | | Brazilian Physician and a former University |
| many differences in the resulting species.Why | | | | |
| is the Bible not explicit? - In other words, | | | | Professor. In he offers articles on Bible |
| why, since the issue was raised in the | | | | and science; excerpts of his novel Bible |
| beginning of this article, does the Biblical | | | | Quotes in Crystal Land at He is not a |
| message not speak directly about chromosomes? | | | | religious person.You may reproduce this |
| At least two answers are possible.The first | | | | article as long as it is in its complete |
| has to do with Christian and Jewish dogma: | | | | |
| this is a sacred text, dictated or inspired | | | | form and that the resource box is included. |
| by God, and there is no questioning how God | | | | |